Verification - Solute Convection in a Cube


Introduction

Convection is one of the major means of solute transfer in engineering and earth science problems. It occurs as pore fluid moves within the soil due to external forces (such as pressure) or internal forces (such as gravity). These latter forces act upon fluid density variations brought on by non-uniform temperature fields and/or non-uniform concentration of fluid components. In the case of a non-uniform concentration field, the fluid closest to the solute sink becomes less dense and rises due to a decrease in concentration. This movement alters the flow regime, which affects the fluid density, and thereby creates a coupled system. The manner in which this buoyancy-driven flow occurs depends on the boundary conditions and the geometry (or shape) of the domain. The objective of this example is to verify the solute transfer formulation against a widely used benchmark for solutal convection in a brine-saturated porous cube. In this problem, a constant concentration differential is applied between the horizontal walls of an otherwise impervious cube. The exercise lends credibility to the use of the software in multi-dimensional problems involving solutal convection.

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See also